装载自：http://blog.sina.com.cn/s/blog_6e0c0fdf010199f4.html

1 检查系统内核版本

[root@Jeffery]# uname -a
Linux Jeffery 2.6.32-358.14.1.el6.x86_64 #1 SMP Tue Jul 16 23:51:20UTC 2013 x86_64 x86_64 x86_64 GNU/Linux
2 安装软件环境  
[root@Jeffery]# yum install gcc
[root@Jeffery]# yum install kernel-devel
[root@Jeffery]# yum install kernel-headers

这里可以先查看安装环境是否已经安装

rpm -q gcc

rpm -q kernel-devel

rpm -q kernel-headers

注：这步执行后的版kernel-devel和kernel-headers 的版本为

======================================================================================================
Package Arch Version Repository Size
======================================================================================================
Installing:
kernel-devel x86_64 2.6.18-308.16.1.el5 updates 5.7M
Transaction Summary
======================================================================================================
Install 1Package(s)
Upgrade 0Package(s)
3 升级系统内核
注：如果不升级内核的话，那么”kernel-devel和kernel-headers”与kenerl内核的版本不一致在第一步uname-a我们看到内核版本为2.6.18-194.el5
[root@Jeffery]# yum install kernel
Loaded plugins: fastestmirror
Loading mirror speeds from cached hostfile
* base: mirrors.163.com
* extras: mirrors.163.com
* updates: mirrors.163.com
Setting up Install Process
Resolving Dependencies
--> Running transaction check
---> Package kernel.x86_64 0:2.6.18-308.16.1.el5 set to beinstalled
--> Finished Dependency Resolution
Dependencies Resolved
======================================================================================================
Package Arch Version Repository Size
======================================================================================================
Installing:
kernel x86_64 2.6.18-308.16.1.el5 updates 21 M
Transaction Summary
======================================================================================================
Install 1Package(s)
Upgrade 0Package(s)
Total download size: 21 M
Is this ok [y/N]: y
Downloading Packages:
kernel-2.6.18-308.16.1.el5.x86_64.rpm | 21MB 00:20
Running rpm_check_debug
Running Transaction Test
Finished Transaction Test
Transaction Test Succeeded
Running Transaction
Installing : kernel 1/1
Installed:
kernel.x86_640:2.6.18-308.16.1.el5
Complete!
升级完了内核，现在在来看下内核的版本变更过来了没有
[root@Jeffery]# uname -a
Linux Jeffery 2.6.32-358.14.1.el6.x86_64 #1 SMP Tue Jul 16 23:51:20UTC 2013 x86_64 x86_64 x86_64 GNU/Linux
还是没有变过来，这里要注意了。升级内核后一定要重启
4 安装软件包
[root@Jeffery]# rpm -ivhdkms-2.2.0.3-1.noarch.rpm
Preparing... ###########################################[100%]
1:dkms ########################################### [100%]
[root@Jeffery]# rpm -ivhVirtualBox-4.2-4.2.16_86992_el6-1.x86_64.rpm
warning: VirtualBox-4.1-4.1.10_76795_rhel5-1.x86_64.rpm: Header V4DSA signature: NOKEY, key ID 98ab5139
Preparing... ###########################################[100%]
1:VirtualBox-4.1 ###########################################[100%]
注：先要安装dkms在装virtualbox，要不然会报错，会说你缺少依赖包
5 启动virtualbox
[root@Jeffery]# /etc/init.d/vboxdrv setup
Stopping VirtualBox kernel modules [确定]
Uninstalling old VirtualBox DKMS kernel modules [确定]
Trying to register the VirtualBox kernel modules using DKMSError!echo
Your kernel headers for kernel 2.6.18-194.el5 cannot be foundat
/lib/modules/2.6.18-194.el5/build or/lib/modules/2.6.18-194.el5/source.
[失败]
(Failed, trying without DKMS)
Recompiling VirtualBox kernel modules [失败]
失败了，为么呢？就是内核的原因，都说要重启了，看下grub配置文件
[root@Jeffery]# vim /boot/grub/grub.conf
# grub.conf generated by anaconda
#
# Note that you do not have to rerun grub after making changes tothis file
# NOTICE: You have a /boot partition. This means that
# all kernel and initrd paths are relative to /boot/, eg.
# root (hd0,0)
# kernel /vmlinuz-version ro root=/dev/sdb6
# initrd /initrd-version.img
#boot=/dev/sda
default=0
timeout=5
splashp_w_picpath=(hd0,0)/grub/splash.xpm.gz
hiddenmenu
initrd /initrd-2.6.18-308.16.1.el5.img
这呢，虽然没重启但是也排在了首位，那么重启下看看
[root@Jeffery]# reboot
[root@Jeffery]# uname -a
Linux Jeffery 2.6.32-358.14.1.el6.x86_64 #1 SMP Tue Jul 16 23:51:20UTC 2013 x86_64 x86_64 x86_64 GNU/Linux
[[root@Jeffery]# /etc/init.d/vboxdrv setup
Stopping VirtualBox kernelmodules [确定]
Uninstalling old VirtualBox DKMS kernelmodules [确定]
Trying to register the VirtualBox kernel modules usingDKMS [确定]
Starting VirtualBox kernelmodules [确定]
看，VirtualBox 起来了
到此，virtualbox安装结束。啥？不知道咋用？问谷老师去。^_^
以上资料摘自互联网，加自己安装操作中整理。VirtualBox及dkms-2.2.0.3-1.noarch.rpm均在网上下的安装装，源里面没有啊。。。